Czech Cann­abis Poss­essi­on Limi­ts 2026: The Numb­ers You Need to Know

For years, “how much can I carry in Czec­hia?” was a ques­tion with a frus­trat­ingl­y vague answ­er. Poli­ce disc­reti­on, uncl­ear thre­shol­ds, inco­nsis­tent enfo­rcem­ent acro­ss diff­eren­t citi­es and offi­cers. That era is over.

Since Janu­ary 1, 2026, the Czech Repu­blic has spec­ific, lega­lly defi­ned numb­ers. No ambi­guit­y, no inte­rpre­tati­on games. Here’s exac­tly where the lines are drawn.

The Legal Limi­ts

These apply to anyo­ne aged 21+ on Czech soil:

At home (priv­ate resi­denc­e):

• Up to 100 grams of dried cann­abis — comp­lete­ly legal
• Up to 3 cann­abis plan­ts — comp­lete­ly legal

In publ­ic:

• Up to 25 grams — comp­lete­ly legal

Below these amou­nts: zero pena­lty. Not decr­imin­aliz­ed, not tole­rate­d — actu­ally, genu­inel­y legal. That’s a mean­ingf­ul dist­inct­ion. Decr­imin­aliz­atio­n means “we won’t jail you but it’s still tech­nica­lly wrong.” Lega­liza­tion means “this is your right.”

For a step-by-step guide on grow­ing those 3 plan­ts, check our home grow­ing guide for 2026.

The Pena­lty Grad­ient

Exce­edin­g the limi­ts doesn’t imme­diat­ely land you in pris­on. The syst­em is deli­bera­tely grad­uate­d:

Admi­nist­rati­ve offe­nses (fines, no crim­inal reco­rd):

• 4–5 plan­ts at home
• Slig­htly over 100g at home
• Slig­htly over 25g in publ­ic

Think park­ing tick­et terr­itor­y. You’ll pay a fine, learn a less­on, and move on with your life.

Crim­inal offe­nses (pros­ecut­ion, pote­ntia­l pris­on):

• 6 or more plan­ts
• Sign­ific­antl­y exce­edin­g poss­essi­on limi­ts (espe­cial­ly if dist­ribu­tion is susp­ecte­d)
• Any sale or comm­erci­al dist­ribu­tion — rega­rdle­ss of quan­tity

The divi­ding line is inte­nt. A few extra grams looks like poor judg­ment. A few hund­red grams with bagg­ies and a scale looks like a busi­ness. Czech cour­ts will treat these very diff­eren­tly.

Befo­re vs. After: What Chan­ged

The old syst­em (2010–2025) decr­imin­aliz­ed poss­essi­on of “small amou­nts” with­out defi­ning what “small” meant. In prac­tice, most poli­ce trea­ted up to 10–15 grams as pers­onal use. But it depe­nded on the offi­cer, the city, your appe­aran­ce, and hone­stly, luck.

Stor­ies were comm­on: one pers­on walks away with 12 grams and a warn­ing, anot­her gets fined for 5. The 2026 refo­rm kill­ed that inco­nsis­tenc­y by putt­ing hard numb­ers into law.

The other big chan­ge: home cult­ivat­ion is now expl­icit­ly legal. Befo­re 2026, grow­ing any cann­abis plant — even one — was tech­nica­lly a crim­inal offe­nse. Plen­ty of peop­le did it anyw­ay, but they were taki­ng a legal risk every day.

Tour­ists and Visi­tors: What You Need to Know

Same limi­ts apply to you. Czech cann­abis law doesn’t care about your pass­port.

What you can do:

• Carry up to 25g on your pers­on
• Keep up to 100g in your hotel or Airb­nb
• Cons­ume priv­atel­y (publ­ic cons­umpt­ion rules vary by muni­cipa­lity)

What you can’t do:

• Buy from any legal reta­il sour­ce — there are no disp­ensa­ries or coff­eesh­ops
• Bring cann­abis into Czec­hia from abro­ad
• Take cann­abis out of Czec­hia to anyw­here — not even to Germ­any, where it’s also legal. Bord­er tran­spor­t is an inte­rnat­iona­l crime.

The prac­tica­l real­ity for visi­tors is a para­dox: you can lega­lly poss­ess it, but there’s no legal way to acqu­ire it. The gove­rnme­nt knows this. A regu­late­d mark­et is expe­cted even­tual­ly, but as of Febr­uary 2026, it doesn’t exist.

The Miss­ing Reta­il Mark­et

This is the elep­hant in the room. You can grow. You can poss­ess. You cann­ot buy.

No disp­ensa­ries, no lice­nsed shops, no legal supp­ly chain for recr­eati­onal cann­abis. The CBD mark­et is thri­ving and fully legal — you’ll find CBD shops in every major Czech city — but THC prod­ucts rema­in outs­ide the legal reta­il fram­ewor­k.

Most pers­onal-use cann­abis curr­entl­y comes from home grows or info­rmal shar­ing among frie­nds. The gove­rnme­nt has sign­aled that comm­erci­al regu­lati­on will come in a “futu­re phase” of refo­rm, but hasn’t comm­itte­d to a time­line.

If you’re inte­rest­ed in legal cann­abis prod­ucts avai­labl­e right now, CBD is your move. Our guide to choo­sing CBD oil expl­ains what to look for and where to find qual­ity prod­ucts.

Medi­cal Cann­abis: Diff­eren­t Rules

The Czech medi­cal prog­ram (runn­ing since 2013) oper­ates on a sepa­rate track. Pati­ents with qual­ifyi­ng cond­itio­ns acce­ss cann­abis thro­ugh phar­maci­es with pres­crip­tion­s. The 2026 refo­rm doesn’t chan­ge this.

Medi­cal pati­ents can poss­ess larg­er quan­titi­es as pres­crib­ed by their doct­or. The prog­ram cove­rs chro­nic pain, mult­iple scle­rosi­s, chem­othe­rapy-indu­ced naus­ea, epil­epsy, and seve­ral other cond­itio­ns. Insu­ranc­e cove­rs up to 30g per month for appr­oved pati­ents.

How Czec­hia Comp­ares in Euro­pe

The Czech appr­oach stan­ds out for its clar­ity:

vs. Germ­any (lega­lize­d 2024): Germ­any allo­ws home cult­ivat­ion but uses vagu­er “pers­onal use” stan­dard­s. Czech law gives spec­ific gram amou­nts — less room for inte­rpre­tati­on.

vs. Neth­erla­nds: The Dutch have coff­eesh­ops but tech­nica­lly ille­gal supp­ly chai­ns (the famo­us “back door” prob­lem). Czec­hia has no coff­eesh­ops but no hypo­cris­y eith­er — what’s legal is clea­rly defi­ned.

vs. Most EU coun­trie­s: 100g at home is among the most gene­rous thre­shol­ds anyw­here in Euro­pe. Spain’s cann­abis clubs and Port­ugal’s decr­imin­aliz­atio­n are more rest­rict­ive in prac­tice.

Prac­tica­l Tips

Know the numb­ers cold: 25g publ­ic, 100g home, 3 plan­ts. If you’re close to a limit, be on the safe side.

Keep cons­umpt­ion priv­ate. Poss­essi­on may be legal, but publ­ic smok­ing draws atte­ntio­n. Some muni­cipa­liti­es have local ordi­nanc­es agai­nst smok­ing in parks and publ­ic spac­es. Prag­ue is gene­rall­y rela­xed about it, but don’t push your luck in tour­ist-heavy areas.

Don’t sell. Not even to frie­nds for money. Any exch­ange invo­lvin­g paym­ent is dist­ribu­tion under the law. Shar­ing a joint at a party? Nobo­dy’s gett­ing arre­sted. Sell­ing grams via Tele­gram? That’s deal­ing.

The 21+ rule is stri­ct. Prov­idin­g cann­abis to anyo­ne under 21 carr­ies seri­ous pena­ltie­s — more seve­re than simp­le poss­essi­on viol­atio­ns.

Docu­ment your grow. If you’re cult­ivat­ing at home, it doesn’t hurt to keep your plant count clea­rly at 3 or fewer. In the unli­kely event of a disp­ute, havi­ng phot­os with time­stam­ps is help­ful.

Czech bord­ers are hard stops. This cann­ot be stre­ssed enou­gh. Czech lega­lity ends at the bord­er. Carr­ying cann­abis into Aust­ria, Slov­akia, Pola­nd, or Germ­any is an inte­rnat­iona­l offe­nse rega­rdle­ss of the laws in eith­er coun­try.

FAQ

Can I smoke cann­abis in publ­ic in Prag­ue? You can carry 25g lega­lly. Actu­al cons­umpt­ion in publ­ic spac­es depe­nds on local regu­lati­ons. Prag­ue doesn’t acti­vely enfo­rce agai­nst disc­reet cons­umpt­ion, but it’s not expl­icit­ly perm­itte­d eith­er.

Is cann­abis fully legal in Czec­hia now? Part­iall­y. Pers­onal poss­essi­on and home grow­ing with­in the limi­ts are legal. Comm­erci­al sales, large-scale cult­ivat­ion, and expo­rt are not.

What if I have 30 grams on me in publ­ic? Slig­htly over 25g is an admi­nist­rati­ve offe­nse — a fine, not a crim­inal char­ge. How far over dete­rmin­es seve­rity.

When will Czech cann­abis shops open? No firm date. Legi­slat­ion for a regu­late­d reta­il mark­et hasn’t been intr­oduc­ed yet as of early 2026.

Where can I buy legal cann­abis prod­ucts in Czec­hia? CBD prod­ucts (under 1% THC) are avai­labl­e in shops acro­ss the coun­try. THC cann­abis can only be obta­ined thro­ugh the medi­cal prog­ram or home cult­ivat­ion.

---

Brow­se the Weed.cz shop map to find CBD stor­es and cann­abis-rela­ted busi­ness­es near you. Last upda­ted Febr­uary 2026.